Thinking Before Thinking: Scaling Agentic Inference Through Meta-Reasoning
Paras Dahal, Anton Bakhtin, Taco Cohen, Zhengxing Chen, Carole-Jean Wu, Rob Fergus, et al.
arXiv:2609.38147v1When AI agents tackle longer, messier problems, the hard part is no longer just solving the task — it’s deciding how to spend the next step of computation. This paper introduces agentic meta-reasoning, a controller that sits above the worker model and explicitly reasons about control: what partial work to reuse, when to branch into a new attempt, when to stop, and how to allocate the remaining budget. Instead of replaying the full history every time, the controller keeps a compact summary of what has been learned so far and uses that to choose the next move. The result is a more structured way to run agents on long-horizon tasks. On program reconstruction, abstract reasoning, and proof generation, the method beats direct control and keeps improving where simpler approaches plateau. Why it matters is simple: as agents get more capable, better orchestration can unlock gains that raw model size alone cannot, making inference-time planning a key part of scaling AI.
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