EvoDuet: Bilevel Co-Evolution of Web Searching and Task Solving for Scientific Discovery
Young-Jun Lee, Jinheon Baek, Soyeong Jeong, Minki Kang, Seungyeon Jwa, Jonghyun Choi, et al.
arXiv:2609.40340v1Today’s pick is EvoDuet, a new way to help language models make scientific discoveries when their own knowledge runs out. The core problem is that many LLM search-and-optimize systems get stuck: they keep proposing similar solutions, and their web searches keep pulling back the same documents, so progress stalls. EvoDuet tackles this with a two-level co-evolution loop. One part decides whether the model should search, reuse past documents, or rely on memory. The other part keeps refining the search queries and ranking documents by how useful they are likely to be for the next solution. Then the system generates candidates in parallel from those documents and feeds the outcomes back into future searches. This matters because it turns retrieval into an active partner in discovery, not just a passive information source. Across 21 optimization tasks, EvoDuet improves over prior search-based scaffolds and even sets new best results on several benchmark problems, showing that better search strategy can unlock better scientific reasoning.
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